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HiveServer2支持多客户端的并发访问,使用ZooKeeper来管理Hive表的读写锁。实际环境中,遇到了HiveServer2连接ZooKeeper出现Too many connections的问题,这里是对这一问题的排查和解决过程。
问题描述
HiveServer2服务无法执行hive命令,日志中提示如下错误:
2013-03-22 12:54:43,946 WARN zookeeper.ClientCnxn (ClientCnxn.java:run(1089)) - Session 0x0 for server hostname/***.***.***.***:2181, unexpected error, closing socket connection and attempting reconnectjava.io.IOException: Connection reset by peer at sun.nio.ch.FileDispatcher.read0(Native Method) at sun.nio.ch.SocketDispatcher.read(SocketDispatcher.java:21) at sun.nio.ch.IOUtil.readIntoNativeBuffer(IOUtil.java:233) at sun.nio.ch.IOUtil.read(IOUtil.java:200) at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.read(SocketChannelImpl.java:236) at org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxnSocketNIO.doIO(ClientCnxnSocketNIO.java:68) at org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxnSocketNIO.doTransport(ClientCnxnSocketNIO.java:355) at org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn$SendThread.run(ClientCnxn.java:1068)
问题排查
1. 首先,根据HiveServer2的错误日志,提示是由于Connection reset by peer,即连接被ZooKeeper拒绝。
2. 进一步查看HiveServer2上所配置的ZooKeeper集群日志(用户Hive表的读写锁管理),发现如下错误信息:
2013-03-22 12:52:48,938 [myid:] - WARN [NIOServerCxn.Factory:0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:2181:NIOServerCnxnFactory@193] - Too many connections from /***.***.***.*** - max is 50
3. 结合HiveServer2的日志,可见是由于HiveServer2所在机器对ZooKeeper的连接数超过了ZooKeeper设置允许的单个client最大连接数(这里是50)。
4. 我们进一步确认了是不是完全都是HiveServer2占用了这50个连接,显示确实是HiveServer2进程内部占用了这50个连接(进程号26871即为HiveServer2进程):
[user@hostname ~]$ sudo netstat -nap | grep 2181tcp 0 0 ***.***.***.***:58089 ***.***.***.***:2181 ESTABLISHED 26871/java tcp 0 0 ***.***.***.***:57837 ***.***.***.***:2181 ESTABLISHED 26871/java tcp 0 0 ***.***.***.***:57853 ***.***.***.***:2181 ESTABLISHED 26871/java ……(共计50个)
5. 为什么HiveServer2会占用这么多连接?而实际并发请求量并没有这么多。只能从HiveServer2的实现原理找找线索,由于HiveServer2是通过Thrift实现的,怀疑是不是其内部维护连接池导致的?经过查看hive-default.xml中发现,其中默认配置了工作线程数(这里猜测每个工作线程会维护一个与ZooKeeper的连接,有待从代码级别进行验证):
hive.server2.thrift.min.worker.threads 5 Minimum number of Thrift worker threads hive.server2.thrift.max.worker.threads 100 Maximum number of Thrift worker threads
问题解决
方法一:
通过在hive-site.xml中修改HiveServer2的Thrift工作线程数,减少与ZooKeeper的连接请求数。这样可能降低HiveServer2的并发处理能力。
方法二:
通过修改ZooKeeper的zoo.cfg文件中的maxClientCnxns选项,调大对于单个Client的连接数限制。
以上两个方法,需要根据自己的实际生产情况进行合理设置。
相关的配置选项:
1)hive-site.xml中:
hive.server2.thrift.min.worker.threads 10 Minimum number of Thrift worker threads hive.server2.thrift.max.worker.threads 200 Maximum number of Thrift worker threads hive.zookeeper.session.timeout 60000 Zookeeper client's session timeout. The client is disconnected, and as a result, all locks released, if a heartbeat is not sent in the timeout.
2)zoo.cfg中:
# Limits the number of concurrent connections (at the socket level) that a single client, identified by IP addressmaxClientCnxns=200# The minimum session timeout in milliseconds that the server will allow the client to negotiateminSessionTimeout=1000# The maximum session timeout in milliseconds that the server will allow the client to negotiatemaxSessionTimeout=60000